Hepatitis A
The virus is usually transmitted by the faecal–oral route, either from person-to-person contact or through contaminated food or drink.
Hepatitis B
HBV is usually transmitted through contact with infected blood or body fluids during childbirth, contact with broken skin, sexual intercourse or intravenous drug use.
Pertussis
Pertussis or whooping cough is highly transmissible. It is one of the most infectious vaccine-preventable diseases in humans. Transmission occurs by aerosolised droplets.
Measels
Measles is transmitted by airborne spread as well as direct contact with infectious droplets. It is one of the most highly communicable of all infectious diseases.
Varicella
Varicella or chickenpox is one of the most infectious diseases known (along with pertussis and measles). Transmission occurs via airborne droplets from, or contact with, vesicular lesions and possibly respiratory tract secretions.
Coronavirus
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which infects the respiratory tract and is transmitted human to human primarily through respiratory droplets. Vaccination for COVID-19 is managed through your DHB.
Influenza
The virus is transmitted by respiratory droplets generated by sneezing and coughing that land directly on respiratory mucous membranes by aerosolised droplets or by direct or indirect contact.
Mumps
Mumps is transmitted by airborne droplets or direct contact with infected respiratory tract secretions or urine. Humans are the only known host of the virus.
Rubella
Transmission of rubella is through direct or indirect contact with infected nasopharyngeal secretions and droplets.